Bihar and Orissa Province (1912), Administrative Evolution and Jharkhand (2000)
BPSC Prelims demand
This is a date–Act–map topic. Keep three turning points separate: Province of Bihar and Orissa on 1 April 1912; Orissa's separation and the Province of Bihar on 1 April 1936; and Jharkhand's formation under the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000, effective 15 November 2000.
Core timeline
Three dates, three outcomes
Date
Event
Safe wording
1 April 1912
Province of Bihar and Orissa created from Bengal Presidency areas.
“Bihar and Orissa Province formed.”
1 April 1936
Orissa became a separate province; Bihar and Orissa was renamed as Bihar.
“Bihar became a separate province after Orissa's bifurcation.”
15 November 2000
Jharkhand formed under the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000.
“Act enforced; existing Bihar reorganised.”
Acts and geography
Item
Fact
Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000
Act No. 30 of 2000; enacted 25 August 2000; enforced 15 November 2000.
Jharkhand
New state formed from the existing State of Bihar on the appointed day.
Patna
Political capital after Bihar and Orissa was carved out of Bengal in 1912.
Ranchi
Temporary headquarters of the Bihar and Orissa Government in 1912 because Patna lacked accommodation; now capital of Jharkhand.
Orissa/Odisha
Separate province from 1 April 1936; Odisha is the current state name.
Undivided Bihar
Do not use its former boundaries as present Bihar's map; the southern industrial/mineral belt is now largely in Jharkhand.